Compute Difference Between Uppercase and Lowercase Letters

Compute the number of uppercase English letters in the text minus the number of lowercase English letters. Digits, spaces, and punctuation are ignored. The result for an empty string is 0.

输入格式

One line of 0..100 printable ASCII characters (spaces allowed); the whole line is kept, and leading and trailing spaces are not trimmed.

输出格式

Output the answer as described; separate multiple results with spaces in order, and output an empty line for an empty array.

样例 1

输入：

CodeSignal

输出：

-6

样例 2

输入：

a

输出：

-1

样例 3

输入：

输出：

0

样例说明

Example 1: CodeSignal has 2 uppercase letters, C and S, and 8 lowercase letters, so the output is 2−8=−6.