Prepare for your next interview.

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1. Coding questions · xAI

   Design O(1) random-sampling set

   This question evaluates a candidate's competency in data-structure design, randomized algorithms, and algorithmic complexity analysis within the Coding & Algorithms domain, with a focus on achieving expected O(1) operations for insert, remove, and uniform sampling.

2. Coding questions · Salesforce

   Design O(nm) grouping of rearranged strings

   This question evaluates a candidate's understanding of string manipulation, hashing and frequency-count techniques, algorithmic optimization, and time/space complexity analysis when grouping anagrams.

3. Coding questions · Coinbase

   Design order stream with state transitions

   Design order stream with state transitions evaluates algorithm design, data structures, correctness, complexity, edge cases, and implementation details in a realistic interview setting. A strong answer states assumptions, handles edge cases, explains trade-offs, and shows how to validate the result clearly.

4. Coding questions · Patreon

   Design org chart lookup with preprocessing

   This question evaluates skills in data structures and algorithms, specifically tree/forest representation, aggregation of subtree metrics, dynamic updates, and rigorous time and space complexity analysis.

5. Coding questions · Circle

   Design payment scheduler with cancel and top-K outgoing

   This question evaluates knowledge of designing stateful in-memory services, efficient data structures and algorithms for scheduled task execution and top‑K outgoing aggregation, and correctness in handling cancellation, failure semantics, and related edge cases.

6. Coding questions · Stripe

   Design payment-to-invoice matcher with priorities

   This question evaluates parsing and data modeling skills, deterministic matching algorithms with prioritization and tie-breaking, handling monetary values as integer cents, and the ability to design comprehensive test suites for edge cases.

7. Coding questions · Meta

   Design prefix-sum function and max stack

   This question evaluates understanding of prefix-sum precomputation for constant-time range queries and the design of a max-enabled stack, focusing on data structure design, algorithmic complexity, and space-time trade-offs.

8. Coding questions · Airbnb

   Design refundable transaction ledger and prioritization rules

   This question evaluates knowledge of data structures and algorithms for transactional ledgers, including tracking payments and refundable balances, rule-based prioritization for allocating refunds, handling partial and multiple refunds, and ensuring correctness when payments and refunds interleave.

9. Coding questions · Roblox

   Design robot path boundedness with repeats

   This question evaluates algorithmic skills in parsing compressed instruction strings, finite-state simulation, and spatial reasoning to determine path boundedness, and it belongs to the Coding & Algorithms domain.

10. Coding questions · Uber

    Design room progression with leaderboard

    This question evaluates the ability to design efficient dynamic data structures and algorithms for maintaining per-player state and a real-time leaderboard, including score aggregation, room transitions, and high-throughput updates.

11. Coding questions · OpenAI

    Design Schema and Logic for Subscription Event Tracking

    This question evaluates proficiency in event-driven data modeling, temporal state derivation, and implementation of SQL/Python logic to compute per-user subscription status and history within the Data Manipulation (SQL/Python) domain.

12. Coding questions · Freddie Mac

    Design SQL cleaning, mapping, dedupe, and keying

    This question evaluates proficiency in data cleaning and normalization, deduplication, timestamp parsing, simple email validation, country code standardization, source-to-target mapping, and DDL/DML design using SQL (and optionally Python).

13. Coding questions · Amazon

    Design SQL/Pandas aggregations on retail schema

    This question evaluates ability to perform time-based aggregations and data manipulation using SQL and pandas, including per-order revenue calculation, same-day de-duplication, rolling-window sums, and intra-customer ranking.

14. Coding questions · Meta

    Design SQL Query for Shop Visibility and User Activity Metrics

    This question evaluates proficiency in SQL-based data manipulation—aggregation, JOINs, CASE expressions, window functions, ranking, and metric design for user tenure segmentation and temporal activity comparisons.

15. Coding questions · Vanta

    Design streaming test logger and queries

    This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design streaming data structures and time-series algorithms to track state transitions and compute interval queries, covering competencies in online/event-processing algorithms, interval overlap aggregation, and algorithmic complexity analysis within the Coding & Algorithms domain.

16. Coding questions · Oracle

    Design structure for first unique login user

    This question evaluates a candidate's ability to design an efficient online data structure that maintains a stream of login events and supports constant-time updates and queries for the earliest user with exactly one login.

17. Coding questions · Amazon

    Design student–course data models and SQL

    This question evaluates data modeling, database design, and SQL proficiency—covering normalization, schema constraints, indexing, star-schema warehousing, slowly changing dimensions, partitioning strategies, and complex analytic queries—in the domain of relational databases and data warehousing (Data Manipulation/SQL).

18. Coding questions · Vanta

    Design test logging and failure-window queries

    This question evaluates streaming data structures, time-series event processing, interval/temporal query algorithms, and complexity analysis as applied to a software engineer role.

19. Coding questions · Vanta

    Design test-run logging and query functions

    This question evaluates proficiency in time-series logging, event-driven state transitions, interval and sliding-window algorithms, and efficient data-structure design for streaming updates.

20. Coding questions · Databricks

    Design Tic-Tac-Toe and QPS data structures

    This question evaluates data-structure and API design skills, covering state management and efficient update/query algorithms for a generalized Tic-Tac-Toe with uniform-random move selection, as well as time-series aggregation and streaming-log techniques for computing QPS from non-decreasing timestamps.

21. Coding questions · Uber

    Design time-versioned KV without timestamp argument

    This question evaluates understanding of time-versioned key-value stores, monotonic timestamp assignment, clock skew handling, concurrent writes, appropriate data structures, and time/space complexity analysis.

22. Coding questions · Character.AI

    Design timestamped key-value map

    This question evaluates the ability to design a timestamped key-value data structure, testing competencies in time-based indexing, ordered retrieval, and data structure selection for efficient timestamp queries.

23. Coding questions · Uber

    Design top-K frequency structure

    This question evaluates ability to design efficient in-memory data structures for frequency tracking, including handling recency-based tie-breaking, memory bounds under churn, and concurrency implications.

24. Coding questions · Snowflake

    Design transactional in-memory key-value store

    This question evaluates understanding of in-memory key–value store semantics, transactional and nested transaction behavior, and practical competencies in hash-based data structures and thread-safety for concurrent access.